5. The perils of the cohort study

I've been having a lot of thoughts lately about the unjustified supremacy of "scientific" clinical trials, based not on conjecture, explanation or hypothesis, but simply on observing "clinical outcome". My fundamental conclusion is that it's an injustice to the individual to treat them based on the average outcome of a population in a trial (and also forego individual-level scientific explanations - I mean this in the Deutschian way). Both ends of the spectrum of these kinds of clinical trials result in tragedy for the individual.

Outcome 1: where the individual benefits, but since the "studies" or "meta-analysis showed no significant difference between intervention and control arms", the intervention is no longer prescribed, recommended or funded.

Outcome 2: where the individual does not benefit, but since the "studies" or "meta-analysis showed a significant benefit of intervention compared to control", this individual is now stuck with an intervention that doesn't work for them, and s…